oxidizing agent

Thân thiện

A chemist adds an oxidizing agent to a beaker of clear liquid.

Definition

Noun: A chemical substance that causes another substance to undergo oxidation by accepting electrons from it. An oxidizing agent itself is reduced in the chemical reaction.

Usage

This term is used in chemistry to describe a reagent that removes electrons from another substance (the reducing agent) during a redox (oxidation-reduction) reaction. It is a core concept in electrochemistry, combustion, and many industrial processes.

Examples

• In the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to form water, oxygen is the oxidizing agent.
• Chlorine is a powerful oxidizing agent used in water purification.
• Potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) is a common laboratory oxidizing agent.

Advanced Usage

• "To act as an oxidizing agent": Describes the function of a substance in a reaction.
  • In this battery, the cathode material must act as an effective oxidizing agent.
• The strength of an oxidizing agent is often quantified by its standard electrode potential; substances with high positive reduction potentials (like fluorine) are strong oxidizing agents.

Variants and Related Words

• Oxidant (n): A synonym for oxidizing agent.
  • Ozone is a potent atmospheric oxidant.
• Oxidizer (n): A common synonym, especially in contexts like rocket propellants and explosives.
  • The solid rocket booster contains both a fuel and an oxidizer.
• Oxidation (n): The process of losing electrons.
• Reducing Agent (n): The opposite counterpart in a redox reaction; a substance that donates electrons.

Synonyms

• Oxidant
• Oxidizer
• Electron acceptor

Antonyms

• Reducing agent
• Reductant
• Electron donor

Học thuật

Noun

1. a substance that oxidizes another substance

Từ đồng nghĩa

• oxidant
• oxidizer
• oxidiser